Category Archives: WORLD

MEXICO, NORTH AMERICA, WORLD

Archaeologists Open a Sealed ‘Jaguar God’ Cave Undisturbed For Over 1,000 Years

Archaeologists Open a Sealed ‘Jaguar God’ Cave Undisturbed For Over 1,000 Years

Archaeologists Open a Sealed 'Jaguar God' Cave Undisturbed For Over 1,000 Years

Luis Un was just a boy when he first visited the cave.

It was 1966, and farmers had stumbled upon the hidden cavern by chance. They alerted a prominent Mexican archaeologist, who promptly sealed the entrance. Decades passed, the strange place was forgotten. But not by Luis Un.

Last year, Un, now a 68-year-old, led archaeologists back to this undisturbed secret under the ancient Maya city of Chichén Itzá, along the north edge of Mexico’s Yucatán Peninsula.

What it contains, researchers announced this week, amounts to the most important such discovery in the region since the 1950s: hundreds of incredibly well-preserved Maya artefacts protected within an archaeological treasure trove called Balamkú (“the cave of the jaguar god”).

“Balamkú will help rewrite the story of Chichén Itzá,” says archaeologist Guillermo de Anda from Mexico’s National Institute of Anthropology and History, and the director of the Great Maya Aquifer Project (GAM).

“The hundreds of archaeological artefacts, belonging to seven [ritual offering chambers] documented so far, are in an extraordinary state of preservation.”

According to the team, in the Late Classic (700–800 CE) and Terminal Classic (800–1000 CE) periods of Maya civilisation, droughts in the Yucatán region obliged its ancient inhabitants to look elsewhere for water.

In natural sinkholes called cenotes and the sprawling cave systems branching off from them, the Maya found not just vital groundwater, but something else too: divinity.

“For the ancient Maya, caves and cenotes were considered openings to the underworld,” anthropologist Holley Moyes from the University of California, Merced, who wasn’t involved with the team, explained to National Geographic.

“They represent some of the most sacred spaces for the Maya, ones that also influenced site planning and social organisation. They are fundamental, hugely important, to the Maya experience.”

Because of this, these giant underwater caves inhabited long ago can yield just as many secrets about the mysterious culture as the equally epic Maya dwellings above the ground.

One of the most famous of those structures is El Castillo – aka the Temple of Kukulcána, a stunning pyramid that forms one of the central landmarks of Chichén Itzá. It stands less than three kilometres (under two miles) from the newly explored cave.

This close proximity makes Balamkú, and the more than 200 artefacts it contains a truly important find.

“Because the context remained sealed for centuries, it contains invaluable information related to the formation and fall of the ancient ‘City of Water Wizards’, and about [those] who were the founders of this iconic site,” de Anda says.

The items found so far include incense holders, food containers, and drinking vessels – many bearing the iconography of Tlāloc, the god of water (and fertility) who appears in different forms across ancient Mesoamerican cultures.

Some of the artefacts contain ancient traces of food, bone, minerals, and seeds. By analysing these, the researchers could learn even more about the people who once inhabited this long-hidden space.

We can likely expect even more discoveries, since the worm-like cave extends for hundreds of metres which are yet to be explored in depth.

Part of the reason the artefacts are so well preserved is because Balamkú is such an inaccessible recess and natural hiding place – calling for the archaeologists to stoop and crawl as they travel through it, especially in stretches that are only 40 centimetres high.

There’s also not a lot of oxygen in the caves, and snakes to contend with. But nobody is complaining.

“The place is extraordinary,” de Anda told The New York Times.

“Now comes a stage of documentation, protection, and conservation of this marvellous and unique place.”

In addition, the team will continue to search further, looking for a possible underground link to the nearby pyramid.

“Let’s hope this leads us there,” de Anda told Associated Press.

“That is part of the reason why we are entering these sites, to find a connection to the cenote under the Castillo.”

Whether or not one turns up, the rediscovered cave and the objects inside it already serve as a priceless lifeline: a rare, tangible connection between a vanished culture and the explorers of today, both young and old.

“I couldn’t speak, I started to cry,” de Anda told National Geographic, recounting the experience of entering the cave for the first time.

“You almost feel the presence of the Maya who deposited these things in there.”

CANADA, NORTH AMERICA, WORLD

Discovery of Giant Dinosaur Fossil with Skin in Southern Alberta Excites Paleontologists

Discovery of Giant Dinosaur Fossil with Skin in Southern Alberta Excites Paleontologists

Bone hunters from around the world regularly travel to Dinosaur Provincial Park in the southern Alberta badlands — but the recent discovery of a hadrosaur fossil is causing a lot more excitement than usual.

Kaskie volunteers in a field school at the park run by Brian Pickles, a professor from the University of Reading in England. He and his colleagues bring students from the United Kingdom and Australia to learn and test field techniques in Alberta.

Kaskie came across a cliff and noticed a fossilized bone sticking out of it. Upon closer inspection, she realized it was larger and more intact than anything she had ever seen.

Discovery of Giant Dinosaur Fossil with Skin in Southern Alberta Excites Paleontologists
Calgary-based biologist and dino enthusiast Teri Kaskie was actually looking for Tyrannosaurus rex teeth when she made the discovery.

“I instantly went up to Brian and, like, you need to come to take a look at this! And as it turned out, it was something really cool,” Kaskie said.

What she found was a young hadrosaur so well preserved that it still had skin on it. Pickles knew it was a significant find and brought it to the attention of the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology in Drumheller, Alta.

Experts say hadrosaur skeletons are common in the area, but to find one as well preserved as Kaskie did is very rare.”We took so many photos. We sent them to the Royal Tyrrell Museum staff [and said], ‘Hey, I think we found something really big here,’” said Pickles.

Skin on fossils ‘quite rare’When it comes to dinosaurs, Alberta has a rich fossil heritage, according to Caleb Brown, curator of dinosaur systematics and evolution at the Royal Tyrrell Museum.

“Dinosaur Provincial Park is kind of the crown jewel of that. There’s no other place in the world that has the same abundance of dinosaur fossils and the same diversity of dinosaur fossils in a very small area,” he added.

Hadrosaurs were herbivorous duck-billed dinosaurs, commonly referred to as the cows of the Cretaceous period.

According to Brown, around 400 to 500 dinosaur skeletons or skulls have been excavated from the area. So, finding dinosaur bones in the area is not hard. But finding one where all the bones are still in the same position they would be in life is uncommon.

“And finding one that has a lot of skin on it is quite rare.”

NORTH AMERICA, U.S.A, WORLD

Discovered the Oldest Forest in the World, dating back 386 million years

Discovered the Oldest Forest in the World, dating back 386 million years

Ruins of an ancient forest have been identified at a quarry near Cairo, New York, USA. The fossils have been dated to 386 million years old, making them the oldest known fossils.

According to scientists, the new site not only tells us more about how Earth’s climate has changed over time, but also evidence that forests evolved 2 to 3 million years earlier than previously thought. before. The findings were published recently in the journal Current Biology and New Scientist.

“Charles was just walking across the floor of the quarry and he noticed these large root structures are very special,” said Christopher Berry at Cardiff University in the UK – the find involved Charles Ver Straeten at the New State Museum York, who discovered the first fossils in 2008.

The researchers found three types of trees at the site – evidence that the ancient forests consisted of several different species of trees. One of them, belonging to the genus Archeopteris, has roots reaching up to 11 meters long. This species is similar to modern conifers and was the first known to have evolved flattened green leaves.

At an abandoned quarry near the town of Cairo, New York, scientists suddenly discovered the remains of the oldest forest that has ever existed in Earth’s history.

This discovery is considered a turning point in the history of the formation of life on the planet. When old trees develop clusters of roots like these, they consume them to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and lock it in.

Previously, the oldest Archaeopteris fossils found were dated to no more than 365 million years old, Berry said. Exactly when this plant evolved into a modern tree is still unclear.

But now, the discovery in Cairo suggests that Archaeopteris began its transition about 20 million years ago, said Patricia Gensel, a paleontologist at the University of North Carolina.

“The size of those root systems has really changed the way we look,” she said. By 20 years ago, researchers thought that trees with such large and complex root systems did not develop so early in geological history.

Archaeopteris not only incubates and nurtures the life, the creatures around him, but also helps promote the process of life evolving and covering all over the Earth.

“Archaeopteris seems to reveal the beginnings of the future of what forests will eventually become,” said William Stein, a biologist at Binghamton University in New York and lead author of the new study.

Based on what we know from earlier fossil body fossil evidence of Archaeopteris, and now from the root evidence that we’ve added, these plants have evolved very rapidly relative to plants. Although still significantly different from modern tree species, Archaeopteris seems to indicate the future evolutionary path of forests at that time.”

Stein and his team also discovered evidence of “scaly plants” of the class Lycopsida – trees that are only thought to have existed in the Carboniferous period millions of years later, at the end of the Devonian period. The new findings therefore provide evidence that forests evolved much earlier than previously known.

Christopher Berry, a paleontologist at Cardiff University, UK, said the quarry floor the team found was about half the size of a rugby field. It was a layer cut across just below the surface of the ancient forest.

In fact, when looking at the age of the forest, we can know that at the time when it was most powerful, on Earth there were no birds, terrestrial vertebrates and even animals. dinosaur. These species only appeared and developed 150 million years after this forest appeared.

However, this forest is not a place where no animals live. Instead, it is likely inhabited by millipedes and other insects. “It’s funny to think about a forest without big animals,” Chris Berry, a paleontologist at Cardiff University and a co-author of the new study, told The Guardian.

Forests and their evolution have played a central role in shaping our planet’s climate and ecosystems. By capturing carbon dioxide, forests have reduced levels of greenhouse gases to modern-day levels, significantly cooling the planet.

According to Sandy Hetherington at the University of Oxford, fossil research can help provide clues about the relationship between deforestation and modern climate change.

“Understanding how this has happened in the past is important for predicting what will happen in the future due to climate change and deforestation,” she said.

AFRICA, EGYPT, WORLD

Two mysterious ‘secret chambers’ were discovered inside Egypt’s Great Pyramid using cosmic rays and space particles

Two mysterious ‘secret chambers’ were discovered inside Egypt’s Great Pyramid using cosmic rays and space particles

Two secret chambers have been discovered in Egypt’s 4,500-year-old Great Pyramid of Giza. Researchers confirmed they had found the mysterious cavaties after scanning the centuries-old tomb using revolutionary radiography equipment.

The Scan Pyramids project made the latest discovery after being able to demonstrate the efficiency of non-evasive Muons technology at the Bent Pyramid in Dahshour this May.

Last year thermal scanning identified a major anomaly in the Great Pyramid, sparking a debate over whether there was a long-running network of tunnels hidden away inside.

But now the mystery has been answered as the Ministry of Antiquities announced on Thursday that ‘two anomalies were found in the pyramid built under King Khufu.

They are now looking to conduct further tests on the 146m-high monument to determine its function, nature, and size.

Mysterious ‘secret chambers’ have been found in Eygpt’s 4,500-year-old Pyramid of Giza
Two mysterious 'secret chambers' were discovered inside Egypt's Great Pyramid using cosmic rays and space particles
Muons emulsion plate setup in Khufus lower chamber

The pyramid, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu, named after the son of Pharaoh Snefru, is considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

It has three known chambers, and like other pyramids in Egypt was intended as a pharaoh’s tomb.

Operation Scan Pyramids scientists said: “We are now able to confirm the existence of a ‘void’ hidden behind the north face, that could have the form of at least one corridor going inside the Great Pyramid.”

Scientists using muons emulsion plates in the Khufus Pyramid’s Queen Chamber

Another ‘cavity’ was discovered on the pyramid’s northeast flank but there is currently no link between the two cavities, according to Mehdi Tayoubi, founder of the Heritage Innovation Preservation Institute (HIP).

He told Seeker: “Such void is shaped like a corridor and could go up inside the pyramid.”

The international Scan Pyramids team is lead by the Faculty of Engineering at Cairo University, and the Paris-based HIP Institute.

The Scan Pyramids team with Ministry of Antiquities Dr Khaled El-Enan and Egyptologist Dr Zahi Hawass

They launched their mission in October last year to search for hidden rooms inside Khufu and its neighbor Khafre in Giza, as well as the Bent and Red pyramids in Dahshur, all south of Cairo.

The project applies a mix of infrared thermography, muon radiography imaging, and 3D reconstruction – all of which the researchers say are non-invasive and non-destructive techniques.

Scan Pyramids explained in a statement that muons are “similar to X-rays which can penetrate the body and allow bone imaging and ‘can go through hundreds of meters of stone before being absorbed.

The stunning 3D images give a glimpse into the ancient temple.

“Judiciously placed detectors – for example inside a pyramid, below a potential, unknown chamber – can then record particle tracks and discern cavities from denser regions.”

In May scientists from the project released images and details of what they found at the Bent Pyramid, located at the royal necropolis of Dahshur.

They uncovered two entrances, one on the north side and one on the west side. They open onto two corridors, which in turn lead to a pair of burial chambers, one on top of the other.

It is the earliest to be built under the Old Kingdom Pharaoh Sneferu and is thought to be the first attempt at a smooth-sided structure. It had been thought the body of Pharaoh Sneferu was entombed inside the pyramid.

However, the scans scotched that theory – with no suitable chamber found inside the monument.

But Mehdi Tayoubi, president of the Heritage Innovation Preservation Institute, told Discovery: “Nevertheless, this is indeed a scientific breakthrough as it validates the muography principle applied to Egyptian pyramids.

“It paves the way to new investigations.”

WORLD

Scientists Just Revealed They Found Thor & Odin Temple & Said this was Hiding Inside It

Scientists Just Revealed They Found Thor & Odin Temple & Said this was Hiding Inside It

The god house (shown here in a digital reconstruction) was strongly built of beams and walls of wood; some lasted for hundreds of years. It included a central tower, patterned on Christian churches seen in lands further south.

The remains of a 1,200-year-old pagan temple to the Old Norse gods such as Thor and Odin have been discovered in Norway — a rare relic of the Viking religion built a few centuries before Christianity became dominant there.

Archaeologists say the large wooden building — about 45 feet (14 meters) long, 26 feet (8 m) wide, and up to 40 feet (12 m) high — is thought to date from the end of the eighth century and was used for worship and sacrifices to gods during the midsummer and midwinter solstices.

Old Norse culture was famous and feared by some a century later, after bands of Norse sailors and warriors known as the Vikings started trading, raiding and colonizing throughout Europe and into Iceland, Greenland and Canada.

This is the first Old Norse temple found in the country, said archaeologist Søren Diinhoff of the University Museum of Bergen.

“This is the first time we’ve found one of these very special, very beautiful buildings,” Diinhoff told Live Science. “We know them from Sweden and we know them from Denmark. … This shows that they also existed in Norway.”

The Norse began building these large “god houses,” as they’re called, in the sixth century. The god houses were much more complex than the simple sites, often outdoors, that the people previously used to worship the Old Norse gods.

“It is a stronger expression of belief than all the small cult places,” he said. “This is probably something to do with a certain class of the society, who built these as a real ideological show.”

The god house was the religious link between local people and the Old Norse gods. The gods were said to live in the realm of Asgard, which was connected to the earthly realm Midgard by a “rainbow bridge” called Bifröst.
The remains of the ancient god house were found at Ose, a seaside village near the town of Ørsta in western Norway, on land earmarked for a housing development.
Excavations at the site revealed the remains of two longhouses – probably family farms – from more than 2000 years ago, before the god house was built at the end of the eighth century A.D.
The Old Norse “god house” was built from wood about 1200 years ago to worship gods like Odin, Thor, and Freyr. Post-holes that show its distinctive shape, including its central tower, have been unearthed at the site.
The interior of the god house (shown here in a digital reconstruction) at Ose may have been lit by hearths for sacrificial fires and had wooden statues of the Old Norse gods, such as the war god Odin, the storm god Thor, and the fertility god Freyr.
The site is beside the coast among mountains and inlets, about 150 miles south-west of the modern city of Trondheim. Boathouses would have been built along the shore in ancient times.

God house

Archaeologists unearthed the foundations of the ancient building last month at Ose, a seaside village near the town of Ørsta in western Norway, ahead of preparations for a new housing development. 

Their excavations revealed traces of early agricultural settlements dating to between 2,000 and 2,500 years ago, including the remains of two longhouses that would have each been the center of a small farm for a family and their animals, Diinhoff said.

The remains of the god house at Ose, however, are from a later time when the area began to be dominated by an elite group of wealthy families — a distinction that arose as Scandinavian societies began to interact with the more stratified societies of the Roman Empire and the Germanic tribes of northern Europe.

“When the new socially differentiated society set in, in the Roman Iron Age, the leading families took control of the cult,” he said.

Norse religious worship became more ideological and organized, and god houses at Ose were patterned on Christian basilicas that travelers had seen in southern lands, he said.

As a result, Old Norse temples featured a distinctive high tower above the pitched roof, which was a copy of the towers of early Christian churches, he said.

Although the wooden building is now long-gone, the post-holes that remain show its shape, including the round central posts of its tower — a very distinctive construction that was only ever used in god houses, Diinhoff said. “It would have been very impressive.”

The Old Norse “god house” was built from wood about 1200 years ago to worship gods like Odin, Thor and Freyr. Post-holes that show its distinctive shape, including its central tower, have been unearthed at the site.

Ancient worship

The purpose of the site is also revealed by a concentration of cooking pits where food for religious feasts was prepared, and numerous bones — the remains of animal sacrifices.

A large white “phallus” stone, roughly representing the male genital organ, was also found nearby several years ago and was probably part of the Old Norse fertility rituals, Diinhoff said.

Ceremonies would have been held in the god house for important festivals on the religious calendar, such as the midsummer and midwinter solstices — the shortest and longest nights of the year, respectively.

Meat, drink and sometimes precious metals like gold would have been offered to wooden figurines within the building that represented the Old Norse gods — in particular the war god Odin, the storm god Thor, and the fertility god Freyr, who were commonly worshipped in the Old Norse religion and gave their names in English to Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.

As the gods could only partake of the festival food in spirit, the physical food and drink would be enjoyed by their worshippers. “You would have a good mood, a lot of eating and a lot of drinking,” Diinhoff said. “I think they would have had a good time.”

The Old Norse religion was suppressed from the 11th century, when Norway’s kings forcibly imposed the Christian religion and tore down or burned buildings like the god house at Ose to enforce worship in the new Christian churches.

So far, there’s no evidence that the god house at Ose was part of that purge, Diinhoff said. 

Further work could reveal the house was among the pagan buildings destroyed at the time. “It would be ideal if we could explain that,” he said. “But we’re not there yet.”

AFRICA, WORLD

50kg Silver Bar Found In Madagascar May Be Treasure Of Notorious Pirate Captain Kidd

50kg Silver Bar Found In Madagascar May Be Treasure Of Notorious Pirate Captain Kidd

50kg Silver Bar Found In Madagascar May Be Treasure Of Notorious Pirate Captain Kidd

A 50 kg block of silver with inscriptions, which is now under armed guard on Sainte Marie island off the east coast of Madagascar. The bar was presented to Madagascar’s president at a special ceremony in 2015.

The bar is imprinted with a ‘T’ and ‘S’ on one side and letters and numbers on the other, the meaning of which is currently unknown.

The joint U.S./U.K. archaeological research team believe there are many more such bars still in the wreck. Captain William Kidd (1645 –1701) was a Scottish sailor who was tried and executed for piracy after returning from a voyage to the Indian Ocean.

THE 50KG SILVER BAR WAS FOUND OFF THE COAST OF MADAGASCAR.

One of the most infamous pirates of all time, Captain William Kidd was said to have amassed treasure worth £100,000 – £12 million now – before he was arrested for piracy and murder.

Scotsman Capt Kidd buried a cache somewhere on his travels and at his trial in London, in 1701, tried to barter his knowledge of its location in return for his life.

The Guardian reports that the silver bar was found in shallow waters off Sainte Marie island by a joint UK-US archaeological mission led by Barry Clifford, an underwater investigator who discovered the remains of William Kidd’s ship Adventure Galley in 2000.

Barry Clifford led a team that discovered the suspected treasure

He is typically perceived as either one of the most notorious pirates in history, or as one of its most unjustly vilified and prosecuted privateers.

The latter view comes from the fact that his actions were allegedly less destructive and less lucrative than other pirates, yet he met a rather brutal end – he was hanged twice (the first attempt failed), before being covered in tar and hung from a gibbet over the river Thames.

“The son of a Presbyterian minister, Kidd was a buccaneer and a captain for a private British ship in the Caribbean for some years, but it is claimed he decided that he found piracy more rewarding after he was commissioned to sail to Madagascar on the Adventure Galley,” reports The Guardian.

“His most famous capture was a 400-tonne ship, the Quedah Merchant, which carried silver as well as silk, gold, sugar, opium and cloth.”

Kidd was captured in Boston in 1699 and sent to Newgate prison. The treasure found on his ship was valued at £30,000 (around £10 million today), but the remainder of his treasure was never found. The belief that Kidd had left buried treasure contributed considerably to the growth of his legend and has also given impetus to constant treasure hunts in places Kidd is known to have visited.

The treasure has never been found – but experts believe the bar of silver, itself worth more than £17,000 at today’s prices, could be part of the famous loot.

The fate of Capt Kidd’s treasure has prompted numerous hunts around the world over the last three centuries, and his exploits inspired author Robert Louis Stevenson when writing Treasure Island.

Mr Clifford presented the suspected treasure to Madagascar’s president, Hery Rajaonarimampianina and UK and US diplomats at a ceremony on the island.

Mr Vogl added that officials including UK ambassador to Madagascar, Timothy Smart, are hoping the discovery will ‘raise the profile of Madagascar, especially for tourists’.

Capt Kidd was tried not only for piracy but also on the accusation he murdered one of his crewmen in 1697.

His execution was not straightforward, with the noose around his neck twice breaking – but the third rope held firm.

It is believed that Kidd buried much of his treasure, with the legend going down in history in Robert Louis Stevenson’s.

The wreck of Kidd’s Armenian ship Quedagh Merchant was found by archaeologists from the University of Indiana in 2007, after decades of competition between treasure hunters to uncover the 500-tonne vessel.

The ship was loaded with treasured satins, muslins, silver, and gold that probably belonged to the British East India Company before being commandeered by Kidd in 1699.

EUROPE, SWEDEN, WORLD

This rare battle sword just found in Sweden is ‘an evolutionary leap’

This rare battle sword just found in Sweden is ‘an evolutionary leap’

A basement at the intersection of Kungsgatan and Västerlånggatan in Gamla stan turned out to harbor a secret. A weapon lay in the racial masses from the warlike events in the summer of 1611.

Stenkällaren on the corner of Kungsgatan and Västerlånggatan in Gamla stan. Photo to the east.

During the past week, we have investigated a stone cellar at the intersection of Kungsgatan and Västerlånggatan in the old town of Kalmar.

The basement was relatively damaged by the previous wiring, but we can still state that it was about five by eight meters in size. At the time of writing, we have just documented the top cobbled floor level.

The basement had a slope to the south, which opened onto the medieval Västerportsgatan.

The stone cellar is documented.
Torn down burnt planks from the upper floor.

The farm at Tegmarsgatan

The farm in question was located on the corner of Västerportsgatan and Tegmarsgatan, which today roughly corresponds to the area where Kungsgatan and Västerlånggatan meet. 

It is also called in the sources “dagmar straten”, “strata/platea Teghmers”, “Thänkmars gatu” and “Teymars gatu”. Tegmarsgatan had a southwest–northeast orientation and formed an arch in the same direction as the city wall further north. Among other things, the name has been explained as coming from German, and equivalents can be found in the medieval documents of the city of Wismar. Over time, the original name and meaning have fallen into oblivion.

Gotskalk Hulskede’s farm?

Gotskalk Hulskede, who is mentioned in the written sources as early as 1368, is probably the first known owner of the corner farm. Gotskalk is also included in the declaration of allegiance to Queen Margareta in 1389.

Several of the plot owners are known during most of the 15th century. The thought book mentions, for example, Jacop Skytte and Gödeka printers. One of the records (1483) describes the farm as being “next west benkth thoressons gardh in hyrnith oc oppa höhra handen as you walk to mwren lithla gathorna”.

A violent fire in 1611

The farm was apparently burned down in the bloody summer of 1611 in connection with the Kalmar War. The cobbled floor was covered with broken brick, stone and wood from the upper floors of the house. 

Here were, among other things, two severely burnt hand mills and a pile of burnt grains. Perhaps it is the case that a kitchen on the floor above collapsed into the basement in connection with the fire. But this was not all that lay here……

Two heavily fire-damaged hand grinders.
It is likely that a barrel of grain fell prey to the flames in 1611.
A fire-damaged bolt lock, probably older than the Kalmar War.

A Danish soldier’s lost weapon

In the masses was also a rusty weapon that clearly gossips about what happened. We have had the battlefield archaeologist Bo Knarrström take a look at it and he states that this amazingly well-preserved stabbing weapon is something in between the medieval sword and the more modern sword, which would eventually come to dominate the 17th-century battlefield. 

At the time of the Kalmar War, the European armies were at a turning point – the military revolution – where new tactics and weapon systems were being tested.

The find fits well into the arsenal of the time. A Danish soldier lost his beautiful weapon in battle in the fateful summer of 1611. After conservation and deeper research, we will be able to tell you more.

In the basement lay the lost weapons of a Danish soldier.
This rare battle sword just found in Sweden is ‘an evolutionary leap’
The tip is broken. Maybe in connection with battle?
WORLD

Interesting facts about herbivorous dinosaurs

Interesting facts about herbivorous dinosaurs

Interesting facts about herbivorous dinosaurs

Herbivorous dinosaurs were some of the most diverse animals on Earth. They ranged in size from small two-legged forms to large, long-necked four-legged giants. The most well known herbivore is probably the Triceratops, but there were many different types of such dinosaurs. If you want to learn more interesting facts about herbivore dinosaurs read this article.

A list of the most famous herbivorous dinosaurs

Some had horns and frills, while others had bony plates on their backs or spikes along their tails. Here are some interesting facts about herbivorous dinosaurs:

1. The Euoplocephalus was an ankylosaurid dinosaur which had a club-shaped tail made of fused bones covered in bumps and spikes. It used its tail as a defensive weapon against predators.

2. The Stegosaurus was a large herbivorous dinosaur with distinctive plates on its back and four spikes at the end of its tail. It appears to have used these plates as a source of heat regulation, trapping or releasing heat depending on the temperature outside.

3. The hadrosaurids were duck-billed dinosaurs which had a distinctive crest on their heads and snouts. Many of them were able to produce sounds by vibrating their crests, making it the loudest dinosaur group known.

4. The Sauropods were some of the largest land animals ever to have lived, with some species reaching lengths of up to 120 feet! They were so large that they needed to eat up to 500kg of vegetation a day in order to survive.

5. The Ankylosaurus was an armored dinosaur with bony plates on its back and sides and a club-shaped tail covered in spikes. It was mainly a herbivore, but fossilized stomach contents show it also ate some insects and small animals.

6. The Brachiosaurus was one of the tallest sauropods ever discovered, measuring up to 85 feet in length and weighing around 80 tons! It had a long neck which allowed it to reach vegetation high in the trees.

7. The Parasaurolophus was a duck-billed dinosaur with a distinctive crest on its head. The shape of the crest helped amplify sound, making it possible for this animal to be heard from miles away.

8. The Iguanodon was one of the first dinosaurs ever discovered and is known for its long thumbs which were probably used to defend itself against predators. It had strong back legs which it used to run away from danger at speeds of up to 20mph.

Some of the most impressive prehistoric species that roamed the Earth

These herbivorous dinosaurs were just some of the amazing creatures that roamed the Earth during the Mesozoic era. Their diverse adaptations and large sizes made them an integral part in understanding the evolution of life on our planet.

Interesting facts about Herbivorous dinosaur fossils

1. Fossilized footprints of some herbivorous dinosaurs have been found with tracks from other animals such as lizards and mammals, suggesting that they may have traveled in groups.

2. Some fossilized remains of herbivores were found with evidence of stomach contents, allowing us to gain an insight into the diets of these creatures.

3. Fossilized eggs of some herbivore species have been found, providing us with a glimpse into their nesting and breeding habits.

4. Some fossilized remains of herbivorous dinosaurs show evidence of predators trying to attack them, such as puncture wounds or healed fractures from unsuccessful attempts at predation.

5. Fossilized bones of some herbivore species have been found with marks on them, suggesting that they were butchered for their meat by humans during the Mesozoic era.

6. Some fossilized remains of herbivorous dinosaurs show evidence of tumors or other abnormalities which may have affected the way they lived and moved.

7. Some fossilized remains of herbivorous dinosaurs show evidence of having been preened by other animals, suggesting that some species may have formed social bonds with one another.

These facts about the fossils of herbivorous dinosaurs provide us with a unique insight into how these creatures lived and interacted with each other and with their environment. It is amazing to think that we can still learn about these creatures even though they have long gone extinct!
This knowledge can help us better understand the history of life on our planet and how it evolved over time.

Some fossils have not yet been found

There is still much to learn about these fascinating creatures! As more fossils are uncovered, we will have an even better idea of the lives that herbivorous dinosaurs led during the Mesozoic era.

The information gained through studying these fossils helps us to better understand our world today and appreciate how life has changed over time. We can learn about their habits, behavior, and interactions with other species which can help us to protect our world today.

By studying the fossils of herbivorous dinosaurs, we gain a greater understanding of our past – and what the future may bring.

It is amazing that these long-gone creatures can still teach us so much! We can use the knowledge gained from their fossils to help us protect our planet and ensure that life continues to thrive for generations to come.

The study of herbivorous dinosaur fossils is an incredibly important part of understanding the evolution of our world. We owe a great debt of gratitude to these amazing creatures for helping us understand our past and shape a better future.

Research for dinosaur’s fossil is still a priority for paleontologists

As more fossils and information are discovered, we can expect to learn even more about these fascinating creatures!

The study of herbivorous dinosaur fossils is an incredible journey into the past and a reminder of how much there is still to be learned about our planet history. Paleontologists continue to work tirelessly to uncover more fossilized remains and gain insight into the lives of these incredible creatures.

By studying the fossils of herbivorous dinosaurs, we can gain a greater understanding of how life on our planet has evolved – and what it may look like in the future.

Paleontologists still find many fossils all over the world
today

With the help of new technologies, we can expect to learn even more about these amazing creatures!

The fossils of herbivore dinosaurs continue to provide us with insight into our planet’s distant past – and a glimpse into its future. By learning from their remains, we gain a greater appreciation for the incredible history of life on Earth and the importance of preserving our planet for generations to come.

We owe a great debt of gratitude to these creatures for helping us understand our past and shape a better future. Whether we are uncovering their fossils in laboratories or exploring them in museums, we can all be thankful for the amazing contributions that herbivorous dinosaurs have made to our understanding of life on Earth.

By studying the fossils of herbivorous dinosaurs, we can gain a greater appreciation for their place in history and the important lessons they have taught us about preserving our world today. We owe them an immense debt of gratitude.

Images Source:
https://www.pexels.com/fr-fr/chercher/dinosaur%20/
https://www.pexels.com/fr-fr/photo/fossile-de-dinosaure-sur-laformation-de-pierre-brute-3839557/
https://www.pexels.com/fr-fr/photo/nature-homme-animaux-reptile-10041634/